Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *sügsün

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: nape

Russian meaning: затылок

Old Turkic: süsgün (OUygh.) 'backside, rump'

Turkish: sügsün, süjsün (dial.)

Middle Turkic: (MKypch.) süksün (AH)

Azerbaidzhan: süjsün

Oyrat: süskenek

Comments: EDT 856, Лексика 234-235, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *süksük

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: tamarisk

Russian meaning: вид дерева или кустарника, тамариск

Old Turkic: süksük (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: süksük (MK)

Middle Turkic: süksük (Abush., Бор. Бад., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: süksük 'firewood'

Uighur: süksük

Oyrat: söskän 'spiraea'

Tuva: söskän 'spiraea'

Comments: VEWT 430, 435, EDT 823, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *sül-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: leech

Russian meaning: пиявка

Turkish: sülük, dial. sülümen, sülen

Tatar: sü̆lĭk

Middle Turkic: sülük (AH, Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: zuluk

Uighur: zülük

Azerbaidzhan: sülüx (dial.)

Turkmen: sülük

Oyrat: šülük

Chuvash: sǝʷlǝʷk

Kirghiz: sülük, zülük

Kazakh: sülĭk

Noghai: sülĭk

Bashkir: hü̆lü̆k

Gagauz: sülük

Karaim: sülük

Karakalpak: sülĭk

Kumyk: sülük

Comments: VEWT 436, 425, Лексика 185, ЭСТЯ 7. Initial z- in some forms may be due to the influence of Pers. zalu 'leech' (> Az. zäli).

Proto-Turkic: *süm

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: darkness, shadow

Russian meaning: темнота, тень

Chuvash: sǝʷm

Comments: An isolated Chuvash form.

Proto-Turkic: *süm- ?

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 a k. of weed 2 a sort of wheat with very light grains

Russian meaning: 1 костер дантониевидный 2 сорт пшеницы с легкими зернами

Turkish: sümter 2

Turkmen: sümsüle 1

Comments: The root is poorly reflected and hardly reliable.

Proto-Turkic: *süŋgü

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: lance, spear

Russian meaning: копье, пика

Old Turkic: süŋüg (Orkh.), süŋü (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: süŋü (MK)

Turkish: süŋgü

Tatar: sü̆ŋgĭ

Middle Turkic: süŋgü (IM, Pav. C.)

Azerbaidzhan: süŋgü

Turkmen: süŋgi

Chuvash: sъʷnъʷ

Yakut: üŋǖ

Kazakh: süŋgĭ

Noghai: süŋgĭ

Bashkir: hü̆ŋgü̆

Balkar: süŋü

Gagauz: süŋgü

Karaim: süŋgü

Kumyk: süŋü

Comments: EDT 834-835, VEWT 437, TMN 3, 279, Лексика 569, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *süŕ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to strain, filter 2 to swim, float 3 to walk in water

Russian meaning: 1 цедить, фильтровать 2 плавать 3 ходить в воде

Old Turkic: süz- 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: süz- 1 (MK)

Turkish: süz- 1, süzül- 2

Tatar: söz- 1, (dial.) 2

Middle Turkic: süz- 1 (AH, Pav. C.), 2 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: suz- 2

Uighur: süz- 1

Azerbaidzhan: süz- 1, 2

Turkmen: süz- 1

Halaj: sīz- 1

Chuvash: sǝr- 1, "to catch fish by a drag-net"

Tuva: süs- 3

Kirghiz: süz- 1, 2

Kazakh: süz- 1

Noghai: süz- 1

Bashkir: hü̆δ- 1

Balkar: süz- 1

Gagauz: süz- 1

Karaim: süz- 1

Kumyk: süz- 1

Comments: EDT 861, ЭСТЯ 4, 261; 7; VEWT 420 (the root should be distinguished from *sɨŕ- 'to ooze', q. v. sub *ši̯ŭŕu), Лексика 411, Ашм. XI, 311-312, 314, Федотов 2, 44-45. The meanings 'to strain, filter' and 'to swim, float' go back to a common meaning '*to flow' (additionally the semantic development > 'swim' could have been influenced by *jüŕ- 'to swim' q. v. sub *ni̯úŕe). Bulg. > Hung. szűr- 'to ooze', see Gombocz 1912, MNyTESz 3, 812-813.

Proto-Turkic: *sür(-t)-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to rub, smear

Russian meaning: тереть, мазать

Old Turkic: sürt- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: sürt- (MK)

Turkish: sür-, sürt-

Middle Turkic: sür- (Pav. C.), sürt- (IM), sürüt- (AH)

Uzbek: surt-

Sary-Yughur: sürt-

Azerbaidzhan: sürt-

Turkmen: sür-, sürt-

Khakassian: sürt-

Oyrat: sürt-

Chuvash: sǝʷr-

Yakut: ür-

Tuva: sür-

Kirghiz: sür-, sürt-

Kazakh: sürt-

Noghai: sür-, sürt-

Bashkir: hü̆r-, hü̆rt-

Balkar: sürt-

Gagauz: sürüt-

Karaim: sürt-

Karakalpak: sür-, sürt-

Kumyk: sürt-

Comments: EDT 846, VEWT 437, Егоров 188, Лексика 382, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *sǖči-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sweet

Russian meaning: 1 сладкий 2 становиться сладким

Old Turkic: süčig 'sweet' (Orkh.), süčüg 'wine; sweet' (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: süči- 'to be sweet' (MK, KB), sücig (MK, KB, IM) 'wine, sweet'

Turkish: süǯi (Osm.), süǯü 'wine'

Tatar: töče 'insipid, sweet'

Middle Turkic: süčüg 'sweet, wine' (Qutb, Houts.)

Uzbek: sučuk ~ čučuk 'sweet, insipid', čuču- 2

Uighur: süčük ~ čüčük 1, čüčü- 2

Turkmen: süjǯi 1, süjǯe- 2

Kirghiz: čüčü 1

Bashkir: sösö 'insipid', sösö- 2

Comments: EDT 795, 796-797, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *sǖr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to drive away

Russian meaning: гнать, прогонять

Old Turkic: sür- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: sür- (MK)

Turkish: sür-

Tatar: sü̆r-

Middle Turkic: sür- (AH, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: sur-

Uighur: sü(r)-

Azerbaidzhan: sür-

Turkmen: sür-

Khakassian: sür-

Shor: sür-

Oyrat: sür-

Halaj: sīr-

Chuvash: sir-

Yakut: ǖr-

Dolgan: ǖr-

Tuva: sür-

Kirghiz: sür-

Noghai: sür-

Bashkir: hü̆r-

Balkar: sür-

Gagauz: sür-

Karaim: sür-

Karakalpak: sür-

Salar: sür-

Kumyk: sür-

Comments: EDT 844, VEWT 437, ЭСТЯ 7, Stachowski 255. Shortness in Turkm. is not clear; perhaps under the influence of *sür- 'smear; pull' (?).

Proto-Turkic: *sǖt

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: milk

Russian meaning: молоко

Old Turkic: süt (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: süt (MK)

Turkish: süt

Tatar: sü̆t

Middle Turkic: süt (AH, Abush.), süd (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: sut

Uighur: süt

Sary-Yughur: süt, söt

Azerbaidzhan: süd

Turkmen: sǖt

Khakassian: süt

Shor: süt

Oyrat: süt

Halaj: sīt

Chuvash: sǝʷt

Yakut: ǖt

Tuva: süt

Kirghiz: süt

Kazakh: süt

Noghai: süt

Bashkir: hü̆t

Balkar: süt

Gagauz: süt

Karaim: süt

Karakalpak: süt

Salar: süt

Kumyk: süt

Comments: EDT 798, VEWT 438, Лексика 448-449, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *tabɨĺgan

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hare

Russian meaning: заяц

Old Turkic: tabɨšɣan (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: tavɨšɣan (MK, IM), tavšan (IM)

Turkish: tawšan

Middle Turkic: tawušqan (Sangl., Abush.)

Uzbek: tọšqan

Uighur: tošqan

Sary-Yughur: tōsqan

Azerbaidzhan: dowšan

Turkmen: towšan

Halaj: dovušɣan

Yakut: tabɨsxan

Noghai: tawšan

Gagauz: tawšan

Karaim: tawšan

Karakalpak: tawšan

Salar: tōšen (ССЯ)

Kumyk: tawšan

Comments: VEWT 453, EDT 447, Щербак 1961, 136, Лексика 164.

Proto-Turkic: *Tabɨrga

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: musk-deer

Russian meaning: кабарга

Khakassian: tabɨrɣa 'tarbagan', tabɨrɣan 'flying squirrel'

Shor: tabɨrɣɨ

Oyrat: tōrɣɨ

Tuva: tōrɣu

Tofalar: tōrɣu

Comments: VEWT 452. Turk. > Russ. kabargá, see Аникин 230, 519, 600.

Proto-Turkic: *TAdgun

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a k. of big river

Russian meaning: большая, непересыхающая сезонно река

Karakhanid: taδɣun (MK)

Comments: EDT 453: Clauson suggests a reading toδɣun (deriving the word from toδ- 'fill'), but there is no waw in the text.

Proto-Turkic: *TAgna

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 turf 2 stem, stalk 3 a k. of plant

Russian meaning: 1 дерн 2 стебель, ствол 3 вид растения

Karakhanid: taɣna java 3 ('al-mahrut') (MK)

Oyrat: dial. tunā 1 (Верб.)

Chuvash: tona 2

Comments: EDT 471, Федотов 1, 247. The OT word is questionable: an OT Hapax, but the second part (java) is also a plant root. Taɣna java was added to sour milk in order to colour it. Cf. Sak. ttuṃgara, Tokh. B tvāṇKārai, Tib. (Khotan) don-gra 'ginger'. Bailey derives from Iran. *tuvam-kara, i.e. 'made thick', but a Turkic origin (with Sak. suffixation) is also possible. If the Oyr. and Chuv. forms belong here the approximate PT reconstruction could be *Tagna 'root, stalk'. Turk. > Mong.: Khalkha tāna 'лук многокорешковый'.

Proto-Turkic: *Tagra-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to repair

Russian meaning: чинить, латать, штопать

Khakassian: taɣɨra-

Shor: taɣra-

Tuva: taara-

Tofalar: dāra- 'шить, сшивать'

Comments: VEWT 454, Рас. ФиЛ 90.

Proto-Turkic: *tĀkan

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 trestle, rack 2 tripod 3 kettle

Russian meaning: 1 подвеска, козлы 2 тренога 3 котел

Karakhanid: taqan 3 (IM)

Turkish: daɣan 2 (dial.)

Tatar: taɣan 1

Turkmen: tāGan 2

Khakassian: taxxan 2 (Kyz. - Joki)

Oyrat: taɣan 2 (dial. - Баск. Кум.)

Kazakh: taɣan 2

Bashkir: taɣan 1

Comments: Räsänen (Рясянен 1955, 134) derives the forms from tak- 'to adhere', but vowel length clearly contradicts it. Quite dubious, because of geographic distribution, is the derivation of the word from Greek τήγανον 'frying pan' (see Аникин 521-522). The Greek word itself has no satisfactory etymology (see Frisk 2, 845).

Proto-Turkic: *TaK(ɨ)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: part of horse's leg

Russian meaning: часть ноги лошади

Old Turkic: taɣɨ-ɣ (OUygh.- YB, acc.)

Comments: ПДП 425, VEWT 457.

Proto-Turkic: *TAlagu

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 deadly poison 2 diarrhoea 3 ulcer disease

Russian meaning: 1 смертельный яд 2 дизентерия 3 болезнь, связанная с язвами

Karakhanid: talaɣu 1, 2

Tatar: talaw 'a k. of horse disease'

Middle Turkic: dalau 1 (Pav. C.)

Kirghiz: talō-lo-n- 'to become covered by red blots'

Kazakh: talau 'Siberian plague'

Noghai: talav 'pest, plague'

Bashkir: talaw (dial.) 'Siberian plague'

Balkar: talaw 'anthrax, plague'

Kumyk: talaw 'malignant tumour'

Comments: VEWT 458, EDT 496. Despite Clauson, hardly derived from tala- 'to harm, rob'. Modern Oghuz forms (Tur. dial. dalak 'Siberian plague', Az. dial. dalax 'cattle disease', Turkm. dālaq 'camel disease') are restructured on analogy with *d(i)ālak 'spleen' (v. sub *ti̯ṓle). A similarly reinterpreted form is Chuv. talak 'some inner disease of cattle' - borrowed from Tatar talawu (see above), but restructured under the influence of the borrowed talaq 'spleen'.

Proto-Turkic: *taĺak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: scrotum

Russian meaning: мошонка

Karakhanid: tašaq MK, IM

Turkish: tašak

Middle Turkic: (MKypch.) tašaq (CCum., Ettuhf., Tel., Houts., AH)

Uighur: (dial.) tašaq (УЯ)

Khakassian: (dial.) tažax (Kach.), tazax (Sag.) (Joki 1952, 318)

Oyrat: tažaq

Halaj: taššaq

Yakut: tasaχ

Kirghiz: tašaq

Balkar: tašaq

Gagauz: tašaq

Karaim: tašaq

Comments: VEWT 466 (should be distinguished from *diāĺ 'stone'), EDT 562. (D-T 199 think that the Khal. geminate is compensating for vowel length in *diāĺ, which would be rather unprecedented in Turkic).